In close-range remote sensing, leaf BRDF effect cannot be ignored. The paper assumed that leaf surface consist of continuous tilted facets. The angle of the facet causes lower incident irradiance though the leaf itself looks flat. The paper used PROSPECT to simulate leaf spectra and then modified it. As diffuse reflection is originated from leaf internal absorption, diffuse component were assumed to be ideal and lambertian and the other component was attributed to specular reflection.
Reference
Bousquet, L., Lachérade, S., Jacquemoud, S., & Moya, I. (2005). Leaf BRDF measurements and model for specular and diffuse components differentiation. Remote Sensing of Environment, 98(2-3), 201-211.
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